As interações espaciais e clima: o clima urbano de Iporá-GO

Abstract

The city is located in the middle region Iporá the west Goiás, State of Goiás, 220 km from the capital, Goiânia. Its population, according to the IBGE (2010), of 31.274 inhabitants; of these, 28,545 live in the urban area, divided into 66 districts and 2,729 in rural areas. The objective of this research was to analyze the variation of temperature and relative humidity, maximum and absolute minimum, in a small town in the Brazilian cerrado, identifying the relationships with the physical aspects of the environment, urban morphology and function. The data of temperature and relative humidity were collected from October 2012 to October 2013, with termohigrômetros (HT-500 model) and automatic weather stations, over five points of the urban area and the rural area. The points of the urban area were differentiated as to building density, vegetation, and hypsometry, exposure of the slopes and the use and occupation of land. For the analysis of climatic factors - temperature and relative humidity - the local scale proposed by Andrade (2005), who defined it as a climate area with a characteristic combination of elements was used, which may correspond to a type of land use differentiated (neighborhood, city park), are the specific topography (valleys, hill, etc..). The methodology was based on the urban climate of Monteiro (1976) system, with emphasis on thermodynamic subsystem that addresses the behavior of temperature and relative humidity in urban environments. The ArcGIS 9.0, Spring 5.2 and Surfer 9.0 software for cartographic and spatial distribution of temperature and humidity values were used. It was found that the absolute maximum temperature (46,2°C) value was recorded in P2, in October 2012, at 14:30 hours and the absolute minimum occurred in P1 (8,3°C) in July 2013, the 07h . The absolute maximum relative humidity occurred in P2 (99%), in January 2013, and the minimum absolute humidity in P2 (8%), in September 2013. Was used linear regression to determine the correlation coefficient (r) and determination (R²), through electronic calculation sheets. The results showed that exposure of the slopes, vegetation density, construction, hypsometry, and patterns of use and occupation influenced the registry and variation the maximum and minimum absolute values of temperature and relative humidity in Iporá.