Parâmetros genéticos e ganhos de seleção em pimenta de bode (Capsicum chinense Jacq)

Abstract

The consumption of pepper genus Capsicum is in increasing demand worldwide. However few works have been conducted aiming their utilization in plant breeding research as well as in preserving their genetic patrimonium. The objectives of this work were to estimate the genetic parameters of a pimenta de bode (Capsicum chinense Jacq) population from the Southwest of Goiás as well as to assess gains from selection carried out in that population based on six selection criteria. Twenty seven genotypes and three commercial controls were used and the experiment arranged in a completely randomized bloc design with three replicates and four plants per plot spaced by 1.2 X 0.8 m. The estimated parameters were: genetic variance σ²g, environmental variance σ²e, phenotypic variance σ²g; genetic variance coefficient CVg%, the ratio between the genetic coefficient of variance and the environmental ratio CVg/CVe, and the heritability in broad sense term h2. The criteria used from gains selection were: selection I – shortening the flowering period; II - increase harvested fruit weight in the first harvest; III – increase fruit production; IV – increase 10 fruit weight; V – reduce 10 fruit weight; VI –shorten ripening period The CVg% was above 10% for the majority of the traits tested as well as the CVg/CVe , above 1, indicating the predominance of the genetic traits in relation to the environmental factors; being these traits considered ideal for use in genetic breeding programs. Heritability in broad sense (h2) varied from 54.27 to 99.66%. The selection criteria used presenting gains from selection were I, III, IV and VI, with 10.30, 69.59, 181 and 1.31 % respectively of gains obtained for the selected trait.